Workplace harassment remains a pervasive issue in 2025, with recent government statistics showing that nearly 30% of workers experience some form of harassment annually. Sexual harassment and discrimination based on race or ethnicity continue to be the most common types reported.
Federal laws, including Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, and state and local employment laws in Maryland, Virginia, and Washington D.C., protect workers. These laws prohibit harassment based on protected characteristics, such as race, gender, religion, age, and disability.
Employers must maintain a harassment-free workplace and take prompt action when employees report harassment incidents.
Factors that influence a harassment claim
Not all unpleasant workplace behavior qualifies as illegal harassment. For conduct to be considered unlawful, it must be unwelcome, based on a protected characteristic and either severe or pervasive to create a hostile work environment.
Examples of behavior that may constitute harassment include:
- Offensive jokes, slurs or epithets
- Unwelcome touching or physical contact
- Displaying offensive images or objects
- Threats or intimidation
- Mockery or ridicule
- Insults or put-downs
- Interference with work performance
A single incident, if severe enough, can sometimes qualify as harassment. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces federal harassment laws.
Steps for reporting harassment
If you experience workplace harassment, taking prompt action is crucial. Follow these important steps:
- Document all incidents in detail
- Report the harassment to your supervisor or HR department
- Review your company’s harassment policies and procedures
- File a formal written complaint if the behavior continues
- Consider filing a charge with the EEOC or an appropriate state or D.C. agency
- Seek support from trusted colleagues or counselors
- Consult an employment law attorney to understand your rights
Knowledgeable legal guidance can be invaluable in navigating the complaint process and protecting your rights. An experienced attorney can help gather evidence, file necessary paperwork and represent your interests if litigation becomes necessary.
Maryland, Virginia, and Washington D.C. have laws that closely mirror federal protections against workplace harassment. However, some local statutes may provide additional safeguards or extended filing deadlines. Consulting with a skilled employment lawyer can ensure you understand all available legal options in your jurisdiction.